China's absolute poverty relief standards
Delineation of a country or a region of the poverty line, which is the minimum standard of protection is to implement an absolute prerequisite for poverty relief. The so-called poverty line, is the minimum standard of living of the average standard of living and social gap between the amount of a defined. China used to the per capita net income of the poverty line indicators and use it as the standard by the price index adjustment each year to determine the poverty standard. If our country in 2003 (absolute) poverty line for the annual per capita net income of 637 yuan.
The question now is, at present around by the official poverty line of the implementation of the standards, the actual coverage is also very limited (Tang Jun, 10% to 20%) of the urban minimum living standard security system to implement the results show that "China's poverty The family has been in social assistance, it is not hungry, clothing does not Biti, the homeless, but it is only able to maintain the most basic living conditions and live. In health, education and social context, they Many of the most basic needs are met is very difficult. As a result, their life is also far from the quality of life and human dignity. " And we all know, Western help poor countries there is a legal and moral bottom line, that is, "so that everyone can live with dignity." This shows that, even if our country is relatively better urban minimum living standard security system has yet to be improved. This is because China's cities, "low" system is only taking into account the life of the urban poor relief, and in accordance with international practices, those living in absolute poverty relief (the minimum living), including life in general relief, medical relief, education, relief, Residential relief, relief delivery, job search assistance and relief to the funeral, and other areas. By contrast, even if the current implementation of the relatively better city "minimal assurance" system, only one seventh of the work done, to protect its natural effect is difficult to achieve, "so that everyone can live with dignity" Level.
Compared to developed countries, per capita income 50% to 60% of the poverty line (actually a relative poverty standard), China's absolute poverty line standard is very low. However, taking into account China as a developing country with a large population of the actual national conditions, we can not be developed in the light of the relative poverty standard. There is a reference to international standards worthy of our country: in 1976 the international poverty line of OECD standards - a country or region per capita monthly salary of 1 / 2 or 1 / 3. In fact, many countries are based on the median income of 1 / 3 to determine the absolute poverty relief standards, the standards of developing countries in line with the actual. China's consideration of the level of economic development, the government's financial affordability of urban and rural residents, as well as the actual minimum needs and other factors, we believe that China's absolute poverty relief standards adopted this standard should be more reasonable. And according to figures released by the Government of China: 2005 China's urban residents per capita disposable income reached 10,493 yuan, the per capita net income of rural residents reached 3255 yuan (in 2006 the government work report). According to the urban and rural residents per capita net income of 1 / 3 to count, China's absolute poverty relief should be the standard of 3500 yuan per person per year (urban areas) and 1,100 yuan (rural areas). Compare the current poverty line standards, is more or less on the present basis increased 50%, this growth is increased at all levels of government in absolute poverty relief the financial burden of expenditure, but in recent years in view of our country at all levels of government revenue High growth rate, the affordability of public finances should also not appear difficult to support.
Chinese living in absolute poverty relief targets of the scope of the problem
The object of absolute poverty relief, according to the minimum subsistence guarantee system for the whole line of civil society in general to apply the principle that all should be lower than the real income of the local government to determine the poverty line (taking into account China's economic and social development around the level of difference) of the urban and rural residents . However, for absolute poverty relief system to facilitate the operation of China's absolute poverty relief legislation it is necessary to target relief to be determined more or less. China's combination of the actual situation, we believe that our current system of absolute poverty relief should be covered by the main target should include the following categories: First, no source of income, are unable to work, will be unable to support dependents or residents of this part of the people Usually belong to the tradition of absolute poverty relief targets; Second, the expiration of unemployment insurance failed to re-employment, per capita household income is less than the minimum living standard of residents; three family members in-the-job, but to receive a salary or minimum wage, pension After the family per capita income is still lower than the local minimum living standard of residents; Fourth, as a result of natural and man-made life difficult for the time being caused by the UN (village) people. These four persons belonging to China's economic reform and social change and the emerging target absolute poverty relief. In addition, there are a number of national policies and regulations to protect the special object.
Britain's system for the poor development of the history of China's absolute poverty relief Legislation
Britain's system for the poor development of the history of China's absolute poverty relief Legislation
After the founding of New China, China has established a relief, including poverty, natural disaster relief, rescue, as well as special targets of anti-poverty work, the various poverty relief system. With the in-depth development of economic system reform, China's traditional poverty relief system in a variety of defects have become increasingly prominent. Mainly: relief object and the actual coverage is extremely limited, low standards of relief at a cost of a serious shortage of the work of the randomness is too large, its strong sense of emergency, and so on. More importantly, as China's socialist market economic system, profound change in the planned economic system, various units of society "unit" features the rapid weakening of the original to a large extent dependent on society "unit."
(Or rural collective) model to sustain the relief. As some scholars have said, "China's current social assistance system is flawed, China's social security is a top priority this will be the minimum standards of safety net to re-design, re-installed so that it can for each member of society The living standards of play 'at the end of Paul' role. "
Britain and other Western countries from poverty relief system design and legislative success, combined with China's actual situation of absolute poverty, absolute poverty relief in China and the Legislature should resolve the absolute poverty relief targets defined criteria to determine relief, the main system of choice And the design of the relief mechanism to raise the necessary funds, and so on several key technical problems. Here, I would like to talk about his family and, of course, in order to be able to offer their valuable suggestions.
Britain's poor system design experience
From a historical point of view, the United Kingdom on behalf of the European countries in modern times before and after the beginning of the implementation of the system for the poor, promoting social solution to the problem of poverty has played an important role. In addition, Britain and other Western European countries, "the history of the poor" is also strong evidence of a basic principle: the survival of resolving the problem of poverty, the government-led relief community has its own unique advantages - that the limited funds in a targeted manner with To the more immediate needs of the people involved.
We study in the United Kingdom poverty relief system will be the history of the development is not hard to see from the British Poor Law of the traditional social system, its modern social security system within the national relief system in the arrangement of the system with distinct historical inheritance. Moreover, whether the Poor Law of the traditional social system, or modern society, a national relief system, from design ideas, technical arrangements and other characteristics of the system to the point of view, have a lot in common. These "common", is more a reflection of Western countries on the poor grasp of the law practice and, therefore, its successful experience in the practice of the poor. To sum up, which we can focus on the reference to the experience of the principal in the following areas:
1. Relief to poor countries bear the primary responsibility. Britain's poor track the evolution of the system reflects the Government's responsibility to strengthen the poor. It is based on the Government's commitment to the community of the poor to provide relief to the basic functions and responsibilities of modern society, most of the poverty relief system was set up under the government-led, mainly through government legislation or to identify the poor relief system, the input tax revenue and so on Public resources, redistribution of national income, to set up a special body to be responsible for the implementation and management of the legal system in the track on the entire operation of the system or the system. Moreover, the practical level, the United Kingdom also pay more attention to the central and local governments at all levels of segregation of duties, as well as monitoring and coordinating mechanism to build.
2. Differential treatment, classified management. Britain in the history of the various poverty relief system have emphasized the social differential treatment for the poor. If the old Poor Law will have the ability to work and not work separately, the National Relief Law to the National Relief standard set of different types and standards. This principle is not only solve the problem of poverty relief of the objective requirements of social assistance also reflects the balance between "fairness and efficiency" of the features of the law.
3. The content of the comprehensive relief. Whether Britain is in the history of the Poor Law, or its post-war relief to the implementation of the national law, emphasized a comprehensive relief. Poor Law as provided for in both the content of relief to the poor, the disabled, the sick and elderly people to donate supplies to aid in life, but also local governments have the ability to work for the poor to facilitate the provision of employment, but also on the theory For the young children of beggars so that it intended to have a job to earn a living skills training, which came into effect in 1948 of the National Relief Act, the poor are provided housing or rent subsidies, family income and other related services. Can be seen, the British relief of poverty is a comprehensive relief, including its financing of living, employment support, housing or rent assistance and other related support services.
4. To raise the necessary funds, in order to highlight the main government-funded approach. If the Poor Law stipulates that the state of poor funding, primarily by the poor to raise taxes, and national laws provide relief to the implementation of national relief spending to be approved by parliament by the financial burden of funding. This way of financing the poor not only embodies the government's responsibility to implement, and effective protection of the poverty relief funds.
5. In the relief operation and the target, to emphasize the special nature of the object, that is, only those who rely on their own can not solve the basic livelihood of (the direct cause of the income is too low) of the poor. At the same time, operating procedures, emphasized recipient of (or applicants) have to be approved by the Government to confirm or review procedures. British nationals to carry out relief on eligible applicants on the basis of the criteria for the review of the official poverty line. This confirmed the qualifications of the technical program, in fact, in order to ensure the allocation of limited resources to the much-needed relief to specific groups (not solve the basic livelihood of the poor) people. We can see that the specific targets of poverty relief and the special nature of the procedure is closely linked to two fundamental questions.
As noted above, the United Kingdom in the history of a lot of the poor to the core content of the laws or relief system, the basic idea of the main principles and framework of the system in areas such as system has its built-in "general" of these systems. "Common", not only from one side of the relief of poverty reflects the inherent requirement and the objective laws of our country are living in absolute poverty relief legislation with the very theory and practice reference value.
China's absolute poverty relief fund-raising and management mechanism
Financing and management is the core issue of poverty relief. According to international rules, for the absolute poverty relief funds from the general government financial burden, the requirements included in the budget at the same time in the central and local governments at all levels of the (financial) between the classification by a certain percentage of the burden.
In the source of funds, the Western countries in general by a special tax to raise funds, such as Britain have imposed on the history of the special "poor tax" from the affluent areas of taxation and subsidies to poverty-stricken areas. Through tax financing in the form of absolute poverty relief funds, also embodies the essence of modern society with the assistance of the nature of the redistribution of national income. In addition, personal income tax, consumption tax, such as luxury taxes are also modern conditioning gap between rich and poor countries, to achieve an effective means of social equity. As a result, our country should take based on personal income tax, the levy of consumption tax in this luxury train of thought to resolve the absolute poverty relief fund-raising issues. At the same time, Western countries, the practice of social security also showed that personal income tax revenue represents about 30% of this coincides with the proportion of social security expenditure total expenditure ratio of 20% to 30% of the match. In this way, China's local governments may be in absolute poverty relief in the practice of using personal income tax as the main support of the minimum subsistence guarantee system for the major financial resources (according to our current tax system, personal income tax is levied on local taxes).
Governments at all levels in the financial capital ratio, for the protection of absolute poverty relief to protect the effect of China's absolute poverty relief legislation might also clear that the central, provincial, (to) the municipal, county (district) level four government Financial and investment between the ratio. Under the current tax system at all levels of government under the Financial Comparative financial strength, as well as governments at all levels in absolute poverty relief in the size of the liability, and taking into account the international practice, we recommend that the central, provincial, city and county levels of financial investment The ratio of 2:3:3:2, in principle, for, so as to achieve better levels of government in absolute poverty relief, "say" and "property rights" balance.
Absolute poverty relief fund much-needed relief for the poor, it is their "life insurance money," and therefore must be managed strictly in accordance with the law, to ensure that used for other purposes. At the same time, should establish a corresponding mechanism for supervision and management, the audit departments should strengthen audit and supervision. In the course of the operation of the Fund, should take advantage of modern information management system to achieve the information into the open, transparent operation in order to facilitate the public opinion and public supervision.
China's absolute poverty relief system in the main body of choice
Looking at the countries of the world's absolute poor relief system, most countries have adopted the minimum subsistence guarantee system for the structure. Moreover, China's cities and towns in the area and a small number of better economic conditions in rural areas is also being implemented in cities and towns (rural) residents of the lowest living security system, and achieved obvious results. As a result, absolute poverty relief in the light of international experience, taking into account the current "low" system of convergence, in our absolute poverty relief system can also choose to take the minimum livelihood guarantee system for urban and rural areas as the main body of institutional arrangements. However, that needs to be noted that the international relief of absolute poverty from the content point of view often include life, health, education, housing, labor, employment and many aspects, such as funerary relief from a system point of view the structure also contains basic relief And non-basic level, and other relief. On the other hand, and China's current system of minimum living relief content (generally limited to the relief of life) and the structure of the system (only the basic-level relief) of a single, and the result is a system of real security is ineffective. As a result, China's absolute poverty relief in the legislation, our country may wish to existing urban minimum living standard security system modeled on that of its institutional framework for sound, that is, in accordance with the international institutional framework, the minimum subsistence guarantee system for urban and rural areas classified as "essential Relief of life "and" Additional relief of life "and the" exceptional circumstances relief, "the three major sections.
The "basic relief", including the poor to meet basic survival needs, that is mainly used to solve real-life "to eat" (food), "wear" (clothing), "" (miscellaneous day-to-day use) and " "(Traffic), the cost of basic necessities of daily life. In general, this is the minimum living guarantee the most basic level, that is, each enjoying the approval of the people living in absolute poverty relief should be able to enjoy the "capital at the end of" treatment. "Additional relief of life" is based on the actual survival of the poor needs to give some relief, which often include medical, maternity, disability or life care (such as the special general for the sick and elderly poor), education, housing, employment, as well as Funeral and so on. The plate is not directly used to solve the basic living area, but the living conditions and basic needs for survival are closely related. "Exceptional circumstances relief" is a number of special poverty relief groups or special circumstances of the poor, which is before an important supplement to the two plates.
In the specific operational procedures, would like to stress that poverty relief is a key link - the family economic situation in the investigation. Reference to international experience and China's actual situation, we can apply for the qualification review of the links on the design of individual applications accepted institutions, investigations, community proves that the Government's approval of the five essential steps.
China's absolute poverty relief standards
Delineation of a country or a region of the poverty line, which is the minimum standard of protection is to implement an absolute prerequisite for poverty relief. The so-called poverty line, is the minimum standard of living of the average standard of living and social gap between the amount of a defined. China used to the per capita net income of the poverty line indicators and use it as the standard by the price index adjustment each year to determine the poverty standard. If our country in 2003 (absolute) poverty line for the annual per capita net income of 637 yuan.
The question now is, at present around by the official poverty line of the implementation of the standards, the actual coverage is also very limited (Tang Jun, 10% to 20%) of the urban minimum living standard security system to implement the results show that "China's poverty The family has been in social assistance, it is not hungry, clothing does not Biti, the homeless, but it is only able to maintain the most basic living conditions and live. In health, education and social context, they Many of the most basic needs are met is very difficult. As a result, their life is also far from the quality of life and human dignity. " And we all know, Western help poor countries there is a legal and moral bottom line, that is, "so that everyone can live with dignity." This shows that, even if our country is relatively better urban minimum living standard security system has yet to be improved. This is because China's cities, "low" system is only taking into account the life of the urban poor relief, and in accordance with international practices, those living in absolute poverty relief (the minimum living), including life in general relief, medical relief, education, relief, Residential relief, relief delivery, job search assistance and relief to the funeral, and other areas. By contrast, even if the current implementation of the relatively better city "minimal assurance" system, only one seventh of the work done, to protect its natural effect is difficult to achieve, "so that everyone can live with dignity" Level.
Compared to developed countries, per capita income 50% to 60% of the poverty line (actually a relative poverty standard), China's absolute poverty line standard is very low. However, taking into account China as a developing country with a large population of the actual national conditions, we can not be developed in the light of the relative poverty standard. There is a reference to international standards worthy of our country: in 1976 the international poverty line of OECD standards - a country or region per capita monthly salary of 1 / 2 or 1 / 3. In fact, many countries are based on the median income of 1 / 3 to determine the absolute poverty relief standards, the standards of developing countries in line with the actual. China's consideration of the level of economic development, the government's financial affordability of urban and rural residents, as well as the actual minimum needs and other factors, we believe that China's absolute poverty relief standards adopted this standard should be more reasonable. And according to figures released by the Government of China: 2005 China's urban residents per capita disposable income reached 10,493 yuan, the per capita net income of rural residents reached 3255 yuan (in 2006 the government work report). According to the urban and rural residents per capita net income of 1 / 3 to count, China's absolute poverty relief should be the standard of 3500 yuan per person per year (urban areas) and 1,100 yuan (rural areas). Compare the current poverty line standards, is more or less on the present basis increased 50%, this growth is increased at all levels of government in absolute poverty relief the financial burden of expenditure, but in recent years in view of our country at all levels of government revenue High growth rate, the affordability of public finances should also not appear difficult to support.
China's absolute poverty relief targets of the scope of the problem
The object of absolute poverty relief, according to the minimum subsistence guarantee system for the whole line of civil society in general to apply the principle that all should be lower than the real income of the local government to determine the poverty line (taking into account China's economic and social development around the level of difference) of the urban and rural residents . However, for absolute poverty relief system to facilitate the operation of China's absolute poverty relief legislation it is necessary to target relief to be determined more or less. China's combination of the actual situation, we believe that our current system of absolute poverty relief should be covered by the main target should include the following categories: First, no source of income, are unable to work, will be unable to support dependents or residents of this part of the people Usually belong to the tradition of absolute poverty relief targets; Second, the expiration of unemployment insurance failed to re-employment, per capita household income is less than the minimum living standard of residents; three family members in-the-job, but to receive a salary or minimum wage, pension After the family per capita income is still lower than the local minimum living standard of residents; Fourth, as a result of natural and man-made life difficult for the time being caused by the UN (village) people. These four persons belonging to China's economic reform and social change and the emerging target absolute poverty relief. In addition, there are a number of national policies and regulations to protect the special object.
Britain's system for the poor development of the history of China's absolute poverty relief Legislation
Britain's system for the poor development of the history of China's absolute poverty relief Legislation
After the founding of New China, China has established a relief, including poverty, natural disaster relief, rescue, as well as special targets of anti-poverty work, the various poverty relief system. With the in-depth development of economic system reform, China's traditional poverty relief system in a variety of defects have become increasingly prominent. Mainly: relief object and the actual coverage is extremely limited, low standards of relief at a cost of a serious shortage of the work of the randomness is too large, its strong sense of emergency, and so on. More importantly, as China's socialist market economic system, profound change in the planned economic system, various units of society "unit" features the rapid weakening of the original to a large extent dependent on society "unit" (or rural collective ) Unsustainable patterns of relief. As some scholars have said, "China's current social assistance system is flawed, China's social security is a top priority this will be the minimum standards of safety net to re-design, re-installed so that it can for each member of society The living standards of play 'at the end of Paul' role. "
Britain and other Western countries from poverty relief system design and legislative success, combined with China's actual situation of absolute poverty, absolute poverty relief in China and the Legislature should resolve the absolute poverty relief targets defined criteria to determine relief, the main system of choice And the design of the relief mechanism to raise the necessary funds, and so on several key technical problems. Here, I would like to talk about his family and, of course, in order to be able to offer their valuable suggestions.
Britain's poor system design experience
From a historical point of view, the United Kingdom on behalf of the European countries in modern times before and after the beginning of the implementation of the system for the poor, promoting social solution to the problem of poverty has played an important role. In addition, Britain and other Western European countries, "the history of the poor" is also strong evidence of a basic principle: the survival of resolving the problem of poverty, the government-led relief community has its own unique advantages - that the limited funds in a targeted manner with To the more immediate needs of the people involved.
We study in the United Kingdom poverty relief system will be the history of the development is not hard to see from the British Poor Law of the traditional social system, its modern social security system within the national relief system in the arrangement of the system with distinct historical inheritance. Moreover, whether the Poor Law of the traditional social system, or modern society, a national relief system, from design ideas, technical arrangements and other characteristics of the system to the point of view, have a lot in common. These "common", is more a reflection of Western countries on the poor grasp of the law practice and, therefore, its successful experience in the practice of the poor. To sum up, which we can focus on the reference to the experience of the principal in the following areas:
1. Relief to poor countries bear the primary responsibility. Britain's poor track the evolution of the system reflects the Government's responsibility to strengthen the poor. It is based on the Government's commitment to the community of the poor to provide relief to the basic functions and responsibilities of modern society, most of the poverty relief system was set up under the government-led, mainly through government legislation or to identify the poor relief system, the input tax revenue and so on Public resources, redistribution of national income, to set up a special body to be responsible for the implementation and management of the legal system in the track on the entire operation of the system or the system. Moreover, the practical level, the United Kingdom also pay more attention to the central and local governments at all levels of segregation of duties, as well as monitoring and coordinating mechanism to build.
2. Differential treatment, classified management. Britain in the history of the various poverty relief system have emphasized the social differential treatment for the poor. If the old Poor Law will have the ability to work and not work separately, the National Relief Law to the National Relief standard set of different types and standards. This principle is not only solve the problem of poverty relief of the objective requirements of social assistance also reflects the balance between "fairness and efficiency" of the features of the law.
3. The content of the comprehensive relief. Whether Britain is in the history of the Poor Law, or its post-war relief to the implementation of the national law, emphasized a comprehensive relief. Poor Law as provided for in both the content of relief to the poor, the disabled, the sick and elderly people to donate supplies to aid in life, but also local governments have the ability to work for the poor to facilitate the provision of employment, but also on the theory For the young children of beggars so that it intended to have a job to earn a living skills training, which came into effect in 1948 of the National Relief Act, the poor are provided housing or rent subsidies, family income and other related services. Can be seen, the British relief of poverty is a comprehensive relief, including its financing of living, employment support, housing or rent assistance and other related support services.
4. To raise the necessary funds, in order to highlight the main government-funded approach. If the Poor Law stipulates that the state of poor funding, primarily by the poor to raise taxes, and national laws provide relief to the implementation of national relief spending to be approved by parliament by the financial burden of funding. This way of financing the poor not only embodies the government's responsibility to implement, and effective protection of the poverty relief funds.
5. In the relief operation and the target, to emphasize the special nature of the object, that is, only those who rely on their own can not solve the basic livelihood of (the direct cause of the income is too low) of the poor. At the same time, operating procedures, emphasized recipient of (or applicants) have to be approved by the Government to confirm or review procedures. British nationals to carry out relief on eligible applicants on the basis of the criteria for the review of the official poverty line. This confirmed the qualifications of the technical program, in fact, in order to ensure the allocation of limited resources to the much-needed relief to specific groups (not solve the basic livelihood of the poor) people. We can see that the specific targets of poverty relief and the special nature of the procedure is closely linked to two fundamental questions.
As noted above, the United Kingdom in the history of a lot of the poor to the core content of the laws or relief system, the basic idea of the main principles and framework of the system in areas such as system has its built-in "general" of these systems. "Common", not only from one side of the relief of poverty reflects the inherent requirement and the objective laws of our country are living in absolute poverty relief legislation with the very theory and practice reference value.
After the relief of poverty in modern Britain A Brief History of the development of the system
As early as 1536, Britain enacted the "Henry Poor Law," which marks the start of the British Government to address the social problem of poverty must bear the responsibility. Britain in 1601 promulgated the history of the famous "Elizabeth Poor Law," the official establishment of a government relief for the poor. This is the first to the European system of poor countries, but also opened up a modern social assistance system of precedent. The law for the first time the government has officially confirmed that those unable to work to help the poor, help the poor children to do the apprenticeship, to the able-bodied person to provide, as well as the minimum standard of living of the poor security in areas such as the responsibilities and obligations. The Act provides funds to poor households to pay a fixed amount of tax-based, more affluent areas would be provided with tax subsidies for poverty-stricken areas. The Act will also be divided into three types of clients, be treated differently. Through the establishment of the Diocese of poor supervision and poor parish officials and the Commission, the establishment of institutions of the poor, to study the poor, orphans and poor organization to study the measures to carry out relief lobby. In 1834, the British Government enacted a new law on the whole to continue the relief of poverty, "the old Poor Law" in the framework of the content, but the poor will be re-distributed by the concentration of power, the poor will be the way of relief from home (outside relief) to hospital relief .
In the late nineteenth century, the United Kingdom's socio-economic development of the traditional to the Poor Law as the core of the poverty relief system has been difficult to effectively address the increasingly complex social problems. As a result, to social security as the core of the new social security system in the United Kingdom to begin the creation of (its logo for the 1908 UK pension law and in 1911 the National Insurance Law promulgated), the traditional system for the poor this step by step "back seat" Become a new social security system, a useful complement.
In 1948, the British Government has promulgated and implemented the National Relief Act, and an official to replace its nearly 350-year extension of the Poor Law system. This marks the modern social security system within the framework of the social relief system in the United Kingdom to establish an official. National relief under the law to determine the National Insurance Department of the National Bureau of relief for all types of social relief affairs agencies will be unable to participate in social insurance, do not have the qualifications to receive social security benefits, as well as to continue to have lost their eligibility to receive social security benefits Defined as those who target relief and to establish a national standard to the specific relief. The Act also provides that the National Relief Council approved the expenditure of funds by the shoulder; access to the national relief on the condition that the individual is not able to solve their basic needs; national relief in the implementation process require applicants to the household income survey . Since then, with the UK's economic and social development, national relief system has been revised several times, mainly to gradually raise the standard of relief.
Britain's system for the poor and their development experience
As the longest history of a social phenomenon, poverty is the economic, social and cultural poverty of the general term for the phenomenon. First of all, it refers to the economic aspects of material life of poverty, that is, in substance, or lack of resources in a situation of deprivation, which can not meet the typical characteristics of the basic needs of life. According to the different levels of poverty, poverty can be divided into absolute poverty and relative poverty in two broad categories. The absolute poverty (also known as the survival of poverty), refers to a certain social modes of production and way of life, individuals and families rely on their labor income and other legitimate income could not sustain their basic survival needs, that is what we normally The "hungry, clothing Zheti not, do not live in sheltered cold". And compared with developed countries, developing countries today face the problem of poverty is the main problem is poverty. As the world's most populous and large developing country with uneven development, not only in our country for a long period of history will be relatively widespread poverty, but so far there are still outstanding issues in absolute poverty. According to the Poverty Alleviation Office of the State Council in September 2006 to the latest information released by the end of 2005 China's population is still living in absolute poverty 23,650,000, if the reference to "abject poverty" of international standards, our daily income of less than 1 U.S. dollars of the population is more than 100,000,000 .
For a long time living in absolute poverty are problems of human social and economic development of the "stumbling block" and thus anti-poverty today remains the world's top priority. Anti-poverty in human history, the Western countries in modern times to carry out before and after a considerable relief of poverty. These government-led, anti-poverty establishment of the social relief system of absolute poverty and their families given financial or material assistance to ensure that they maintain a basic living condition of the country, the most representative of the United Kingdom.
Poor British system of absolute poverty relief in China Legislation
In the March 2006 meeting of the "two sessions" period, according to the "Legal Daily" and other media reported that concern to our community, as early as 2003 have been included in the legislation plan of the 10th National People's Congress, "Social Relief Law" by Organization of the drafting of the Ministry of Civil Affairs. China and the general social assistance, including poverty relief and disaster relief aspects of the two. This shows that China's large poor and the weak social groups, especially the more than 2300 million people living in absolute poverty relief that finally the issue on the national level, the basic legislation, began to enter China's high-level public decision-making horizons. Against this background, learn from Western countries, poverty relief system design and legislative success, combined with China's actual situation of absolute poverty from the perspective of academic research on China's absolute poverty relief legislation put forward the idea of the theory is an important Theoretical innovation and practical reference value.
Gets the impoverished relief fund and the hospital by the rich and powerful people treats an illness first
Gets the impoverished relief fund and the hospital by the rich and powerful people treats an illness first.
After the Beijing Hospital occurrence "resists the signature" the event, a public opinion piece in an uproar, many accuses the hospital. I am not doctor, also does not make money in the hospital, but I thought that the majority of public opinions are the irresponsible discontents, does not have the benefit to the society. Because the hospital the stipulation cannot implement the surgery, causes the pregnant woman to die unfortunately finally. The pairs bright live person life because of stipulated that flutters passes, is unable to restrain to cause the person sigh and sorrowful. But the hospital for oneself on an insurance, had the mistake? Said according to the public opinion that the human life is most important, should rescue first in any event, hospital doctor should not consider, should take the life as heavy, this sounds to be very right theoretically, I also hoped that the hospital can do this. But, you think not to have, if is as the matter stands, what the world will turn? -----Will be able to be very terrorist. . . . . . How terrorist, at this time I say, nobody believe, will also solicit one scolds the sound in large numbers, after therefore I will speak several real instances, first said again.
The first kind: Rich are heartless. A some place's community in the provide impoverished relief fund, has some person of suit and dress shoes finally, sits runs quickly the BMW to hurry back from the place very far away receives 200 Yuan impoverished relief funds, their family property great wealth, actually could not think freely receives these several hundred Yuan, "greatly has owed"; Some person of family property great wealth, Bao Xiaomi soaks young lady to spend like the running water, actually does not give up puts out one money to give the one's own parents. . . . . . These are the facts which in the society exists, everybody will not say that I will lie? The second kind: Stints without the foresight. Mr. Chang Ting scolds: Has the wealth to buy the coffin not to have the money to buy the medicine to eat. Many people are not the rich and powerful people, but also in no way is the poor person, they rather massively smoke drink, is not willing to put into a medical safeguard, I have seen many people, one day must smoke 2 packages of cigarettes, several bottles of beer, but every year 20 Yuan medical service insurance premiums do not hand over, must know, every year a 20 Yuan medical insurance premium junction, when in hospital are most may reimburse 70,000 Yuan medical services! But many people do not hand over, rather drinks some liquor! (has the rural cooperatives medical insurance in the South China area, each man-year pays 20 Yuan, if falls ill in hospital to be possible to reimburse the medical service, most may reimburse 70,000 Yuan medical services! But if one year safety, this 20 Yuan will turn over to the Insurance company, cannot lead again)
The above two kind of people are not infrequent in the society, as soon as if the hospital sees the patient immediately to rescue, moreover does not haggle over the medical expense, the above two kind of person's medical expense was cannot take, how did that hospital manage? Either has to allocate the expense on other patient body, this will create the medical expense the rapid rise; Other patients see so, also simply does not hand over, how does that hospital manage? Go out of business! As the matter stands, in the society sees a doctor to where? Either the hospital brings a lawsuit all day with the patient, then other patient who treats? According to the ideal person's method, the very quick hospital will fall into the difficult position. Some people will say: The medical expense bears by the country! This is speaks irresponsibly and sarcastically! Which country in the world has to have this kind of financial resource? Even if the world richest family US, it manages obtains? The Chinese disabled people have merely 60,000,000, each person uses merely 10,000, how many wants? Was saying, country Qian Cong where? It is not each person leaves, if medical expense by national burden, then each person one year all income gives the country, the country cannot bear! Said first, how many people does entire China have to be willing to give oneself all income the country? Doctor should take the life as heavy, should have the leniency kindheartedness, this not wrong, but as the hospital, takes the Medical department, how does it consider to be lets doctor play the role, but is not the light has the leniency kindheartedness. As hospital, if does not have the drugs, medical equipment, but also has doctor, the light has leniency kindheartedly not useful! But as the hospital, takes the Medical department, it considers to be the drugs, the medical equipment, but also has doctor's positive cycle, it draws up the rules and regulations are also so, if a profession does not have the rules and regulations, what is bad luck is the common people! Have certain military general knowledge in the blood and iron friends. General wants to cherish each soldier, but when necessity, for instance when receives powerful enemy surrounding, for entire armed forces breaking through, cannot take into consideration again to each soldier's life, even must look at the soldier to sacrifice eagerly, analogy Covering force. What we should consider is how to let the hospital play the role highly effective, treats and cures more patients, lets the human who in the society are more needs to treat and cure obtain the medical team, but should not for an individual, to the hospital propose that not the realistic accusation and the request, look like cannot accuse general to look eagerly the Covering force soldiers sacrifice, but does not rescue. We must have the compassion, actually cannot lose the reason because of the compassion. The western world has a proverb: Often is becomes to the hell road by the angel heart shop! Is willing each patriotic blood and iron ally to give the constructive comment, but do not only be accuses! Any law. System. The stipulation does not allow to violate " Human's life is higher than all " Basic principle idea. Saving from impending death assisting the wounded is the hard truth. But if to rescue a person's life, changed certain aspect system, will sacrifice in the future actually many people, how will that manage? Is happier for the society, we often must weigh the advantages and disadvantages in being in a dilemma, make the difficult choice!
Poverty is a huge social systems engineering
Poverty is a huge social systems engineering, and strengthen the peace zone and the leadership of the organization and coordination, adhere to the leaders personally supervise, in charge of leading effectively assume responsibility for the principle of promoting a comprehensive "relief of poverty line" project, has made real The results so that the people will truly feel the warmth of the Party and the government and care.
Charitable donations to build a platform of love
Charitable donations to build a platform of love. Conscientiously implement the peace zone city "on strengthening the work of the charity", in the whole society to create an atmosphere of helping the poor, and enhance awareness of the charity. November 17, 2006 the morning of peace in the compound District, held a "sending warmth and love, Charity Donation Day" ceremony. By the district to take the lead in the four groups, each street, departments, the main leadership of the party and government, enterprises and institutions in charge of the area, Local troops, members of the public and some of the cadres and masses of 1,000 residents took part in the activities of the donations so far a total of Contributions received 165,000 yuan, more than 16,000 pieces of clothing. Peace through the area to do a good job, "Charity Donation Day" and perennial donors, primary and secondary school students to mobilize "contributions pocket money day," cadres "contributions to pay day," family "day cost of living donors," organ "of a donors On the cost of office ", the" contribution of 1% in profits, "vigorously" charitable Qingnuan 10,000 "," student, Zhu Kun, the disabled, "and" difficult to project contributions, "and" sending warmth and love "and other charitable relief , To provide social assistance to supplement the funds. And give full play to the role of charity organizations, the donor community to actively explore market-oriented mode of operation.
Establishment of twinning help relief system
With an effective carrier, the establishment of twinning help relief system. Around the "harmonious communities, harmonious unit, a harmonious family" to create activities, the establishment of peace zones poor masses file management system, helping to establish centers for each district to take the leadership of the two packages village (community), all departments and the village of a package (of community ), Each district-level leadership of the end of the two families help poverty-stricken households, district-level departments and units pack 2-3 poor households, neighborhoods and communities in each section-level cadres of helping end a poor way, the community and give full play to the masses of Party members , Enterprises and individual business people, community residents, community volunteers, set up party and government organs, enterprises and institutions, party members and the masses of poor families, people in long-term stability of the "one-on-one", "a group of one" , "A pack of a" twinning assistance system to take specific measures to encourage the spirit, the spirit of assistance, technical guidance and material support and so on, in time for poor families to provide effective help.
To safeguard the rights and interests of the poor masses
To safeguard the rights and interests of the poor masses, the provision of legal aid and legal services. Peace out to develop specific areas of legal aid approach, in line with the conditions of the urban and rural poor families, free legal advice to answer, on behalf of the proposed legal instrument, criminal defense legal services, and other agents, the cost of the relief will be given to relief, involving vulnerable groups The implementation of the cases, according to the full realization of "the survival of vulnerable groups to protect the right to" maximize the poverty of the masses to safeguard the legitimate rights and interests and give full play to the area of law and the institutions of the judiciary to its own advantages, and actively carry out legal aid services for poor The masses to provide legal aid.
Improve the lives of rural poor people relief system
And improve the lives of rural poor people relief system, the further implementation of the "Five" to support the policy. So far, a total of 910 peace zone (), 2334 000 (times) received regular assistance, aid amounting to 432,000 yuan, 52, 193 people received temporary relief, aid amounting to 14,000 yuan. And the whole region of the existing 22 and 23 "Five", to support the implementation of a centralized and decentralized support. One of the focus on welfare to support 8, 8, 400 yuan per person per month for living expenses; the streets to support decentralization 13, 14, each 300 yuan a month to support the cost of living.
Improving poor people's housing conditions
Improving poor people's housing conditions, poverty and actively promote employment and reemployment work and the poor masses to provide services to community life. To actively explore the establishment of peace zones in order to launch rental housing subsidies based Shiwupeizu, rent reduction for the urban low-income families assisted housing relief system to mobilize the enthusiasm of all sectors of society, to do its utmost to improve the housing conditions of vulnerable groups to address the difficult issue of housing poor families ; In accordance with the "government leadership, policy support, territorial management, to ensure the implementation of the" principle, all the people active in entrepreneurial activity, increase employment channels and expand employment opportunities, the establishment of zero-employment assistance to the family system, support and encouragement from people in seeking employment through the establishment of Sunshine supermarket, charity supermarket, the supermarket of love, poverty supermarkets, chain stores and other employment platform to ensure that every household so families at least one member of a stable income and stable employment by the District Labor Bureau, the Employment Service, Related to the regular staff training; peace zones will also be the basic needs of poor people into community service, the community layout, functions and services in areas such as infrastructure construction, give full consideration to the needs of the poor masses. Area requirements of the conditional community, to build up a poverty of the masses activity room; not have the conditions of the community, in accordance with the principle of sharing of resources, provide recreational facilities for the poor masses, to identify the person in charge of community and the poor masses, in a timely manner Learn to master the voice of the poor masses and needs to provide people in the nearest convenient services.
The implementation of the student anti-poverty policies and measures to protect children
The implementation of the student anti-poverty policies and measures to protect children from poor families the right to education. Difficulties in implementing the peace district school children of the family of preferential policies for urban residents enjoy the protection of family policy, people with poor families and children in the family entitled groups focused on the stage of compulsory education to school students and students with special education, where students in this area Within the framework of the schools have sought to implement the "two-up-free" policy to help them complete the nine-year compulsory education; for children from poor families admitted to the University without the ability to support the school, are given the appropriate assistance. The implementation of these policies, by the District Bureau of Education for strict supervision and management. This year there are only 12 poor students receive education in a one-time assistance, relief 2000-3000 yuan per person, made a total of 30,000 yuan aid.
The implementation of the student anti-poverty policies and measures to protect children
The implementation of the student anti-poverty policies and measures to protect children from poor families the right to education. Difficulties in implementing the peace district school children of the family of preferential policies for urban residents enjoy the protection of family policy, people with poor families and children in the family entitled groups focused on the stage of compulsory education to school students and students with special education, where students in this area Within the framework of the schools have sought to implement the "two-up-free" policy to help them complete the nine-year compulsory education; for children from poor families admitted to the University without the ability to support the school, are given the appropriate assistance. The implementation of these policies, by the District Bureau of Education for strict supervision and management. This year there are only 12 poor students receive education in a one-time assistance, relief 2000-3000 yuan per person, made a total of 30,000 yuan aid.
To strengthen the medical assistance so that poor people access to basic medical services
To strengthen the medical assistance so that poor people access to basic medical services. In 2004, the first peace zone in the city to carry out the difficulties of the masses of urban and rural medical assistance pilot project to develop the introduction of the "peace of people in urban and rural areas to implement medical assistance programs," for Yinbingzhipin, as a result of the poor to afford medical treatment, and so on the actual situation And expand the scope of the relief and rescue object. To take pre-hospital rescue, the administration in relief, combining the hospital after the rescue; out relief and rescue combination of in-patient; with the balance in full relief assistance in the form of a combination. Through personal application, finding home, community publicity, qualification, the work of the office held a review meeting for approval studies, medical assistance payment cards, to help relief aid. In order to urban and rural medical assistance as soon as possible, implement the policy, in late November 2006, the District Civil Affairs Bureau staff in the region in-depth 8 streets, to apply for relief of 32 major diseases, family problems and conducted a two-week survey of households and Research. In a full picture of first-hand information in a timely manner the work of the office held a review meeting, with the help of the difficult conditions of the family practice medical assistance. District Health Bureau has also introduced policies to poor medical treatment beds low fees, registration fees, fees for the treatment of a certain relief. So far, the peace zone in two batches of relief after another 61 patients with serious diseases, aid payment of 320,000 yuan.
Establish and improve the natural disaster emergency relief system
Establish and improve the natural disaster emergency relief system, increased the interim relief efforts. According to the provincial and municipal requirements in a timely manner tranquility Government introduced a "natural disaster emergency plan" to further improve the preparedness and relief system for low-income families facing the stage, be temporary difficulties in a timely and effective relief. In 2005 a total payment of various types of assistance, relief 110,000 yuan, total January-November this year, Chun Huang and natural disaster relief to 310,000 yuan.
Relief system to bear fruit
Relief system to bear fruit. Through a sound mechanism to improve the system of government introduced the peace zone "on the establishment of peace and improvement of urban and rural areas of the social assistance system" and "Poverty Line" implementation of the program and the establishment and improvement of urban and rural areas to the minimum subsistence guarantee system for The main, special mutual aid and social assistance to supplement the new urban and rural social relief system, opening up more channels for aid, and effectively solve the problems of urban and rural people's living difficulties. Every New Year's Day, Spring Festival and other major festivals, peace organizations, district departments, units and condolences to the streets to visit households with financial difficulties and low, the issuance of letter of condolences and sympathy cards, sympathy take the first post-relief methods, so that poor families get real Material assistance, relief work will fall on the actual Department. In light of the actual work of the district leadership in a timely manner to meet the deployment, in order to set up a head of the district office, the deputy secretary of the district party committee, district secretary of the Committee of Political Science and Law, the district government, deputy head for the deputy head of the anti-poverty group. Recently, the district's leadership team led by four, divided into four groups began condolences to the poor and seriously ill family medical assistance.
Anxious people's urgent needs
Anxious people's urgent needs, solve the difficulties of the masses, is the district party committee, the Government has long been a priority. Take effective measures to solve the poverty of the masses of the basic needs of life for the breakthrough in efforts to create "relief of poverty line" systems engineering, so that the idea of governing for the people truly reflected in the normal work.
Standardize and improve the livelihood guarantee system for urban residents
To find out details, according to the peace zone of the region, to further standardize and improve the livelihood guarantee system for urban residents. According to the "city of Lanzhou urban minimum living implementation of the rules" in light of the actual area of per capita income is less than the city of Lanzhou city provides minimum living standard of people in financial difficulties, all included in the scope of protection, and in 2003 the city took the lead in the implementation of social Of payment (by banks) and the classification of security measures, to achieve a dynamic management under the "Yingbaojinbao." 1998 -2006, the region's total of 198,785 (), 464,671 persons (times) to enjoy the benefit, for a low deposit issued 34,803,000 yuan. In 2006 the region had only 41,938 (), 96,603 people (meeting) to enjoy a low, issuing a total of 8,859,000 yuan security deposit. Low by the standards of 1998, the 100 yuan per person per month in 2006 to 209 yuan per person per month, the monthly payment per capita amounted to 91.96 yuan. At the same time, major festivals each year, the region's various departments, units and organizations have visited the street and condolences to the low households with financial difficulties in recent years issued a total of 50 gold condolences million. Fort peace, ten stores, Anning Xi Road, the street Pei Li, Jia Ya-hole, Liu Jiabao, Yintan streets and roads in order to carry out advanced nature of Party members as an opportunity for positive tangible things, winning the praise of the masses.
A comprehensive peace in the district organizations of the urban and rural low-income working families investigations
A comprehensive peace in the district organizations of the urban and rural low-income working families investigations
In light of the actual area, a comprehensive peace in the district organizations of the urban and rural low-income working families investigations. For the full severity of the region's urban and rural poor, living in difficult circumstances in recent days by the District Civil Affairs Bureau led the cadre of community streets, on the whole region, urban and rural low-income households and poor families, and medical assistance to carry out a detailed targets of investigations. After investigation, learned that peace in urban areas, per capita monthly income below 500 yuan in low-income families a total of 5304, involving 13,925 people, representing the city in the region of 8% of the total population. In the total rural population, per capita annual income of 1,000 yuan in low-income households in 394, 1072, the total rural region accounted for 2.8 percent of the population. The investigations, in order to establish peace in the area of poor information base, in order to further promote the urban households in low medical insurance, provided a detailed and accurate data.
"Poverty Line" really become popular works
In order to fully implement the 16th plenary session and six in the city of the 11th Party Congress spirit of the times, reflect the people's request to speed up the "harmonious peace," the pace of construction to raise the level of community services, and further solve the problems of the masses of urban and rural livelihood So that the vulnerable groups and people in the maximum share of the fruits of reform and development, the peace party, the district government's adherence to Deng Xiaoping Theory and "Three Represents" as guidance, "serving the community, help people build Harmonious peace "with the aim to strengthen and improve community services and assistance system for the goal to" improve the system and standardize management, led by the government, social participation, to co-ordinate arrangements for the key "principle in order to help solve the" three noes " , The disabled, the poor population and patients with serious diseases such as the difficulties of the masses are most concerned about, the most direct and realistic issues focusing on the rights and interests, and adopt policies to support relief combined with the difficulties of ways to build employment-based poverty alleviation, social assistance and relief A supplement to the social assistance system of the "Poverty Line" truly become a "public works."
Who robbed my poor aid
At present, governments at all levels and from all walks of life in a wide range of funding to carry out the activities of poor students. However, I take part in the survey to visit the poor families of university students, found that individual "poor students" with the family recommended list of different situations.
Not long ago, a large state-owned enterprises is prepared to fund this year, taking dozens of poor college students, commissioned by, from where I come out with a number of school units, asking them to recommend list. After receiving the list, we were divided into groups on the recommended list of family economic situation for each of the survey to verify. The results showed that the vast majority of poor students and families recommended in line with the basic table, but they do make that much difference. August 7, despite his high-temperature heat, we came to the Juchao District Bazhen a side street of a recommendation by the students home. Lunch at noon, saw a new two-tier small building near the edge of the kitchen, Hong overflowing with rice, the living room of the small building on the table, just burn a good pot roast chicken red, there are big rice bowl Jipenkouzhao large I do not know what dish containing vegetables. Come back later heard that a colleague two days before the Court to investigate into the summer, a student at home recommended a tank breezy air-conditioning, the room a computer screen shows a picture of the game, families are a matter of fact Yes.
Although this phenomenon is one of the few, the unit provided inaccurate information may be various reasons, but the phenomenon is caused by the departments concerned should attach. I hope relevant departments to earnestly to poor students a good review audit clearance, so that the social care Saxiang really do need to help those students.
Poverty Country Need more ordnance
CCTV, "the rule of law in China reported that" broadcast "Ji Qiang Yunnan started to pay special knife", the following programs for the Record:
Moderator: Let us now look at a picture. The police Take the screen is a dedicated anti-aircraft machine gun bullets, according to the police right away in case it can be used to play down the aircraft, and this is a bullet in the Yunnan Police "knife explosives to pay" special Action items in the collection.
Reporter: If this is not loaded firearms, ammunition, can also be bluffing to come up with Hude live?
Qujing City, Yunnan Province Public Security Bureau of Public Security Management Branch of Kirin group leader Dou Jingbo: Hude definitely have to live, the plastic bullets fired. As hunting, gun powder to a certain extent of the destruction, remain in the civil definitely has some hidden dangers.
Reporter: This is the civil police in a number of illegal traders to buy Office of the simulation-56 assault rifles. According to the police, the gun is entirely based on the simulation of the 1-to-1 ratio, ammunition and the same. It used plastic bombs, bullets at close range that the human eye can Daxia.
Yunnan is located in the border, is a gathering of ethnic minorities, some ethnic minorities have always been a gun practices, in many mountainous areas, villagers are also useful in the habit of hunting guns. As a result, the special operation, police in Yunnan Province in the country when the attention of the relevant provisions of the strengthening of persuasion and education, this has been a lot of people's recognition.
Reporter: We follow the local police in the village for this special promotional activities, the villagers received the report, saying that they own in the construction of the wall, found in the land abandoned by bullets, police in order to prevent the villagers have greater Injury, is now on the bullets found in the land of the re-renovation.
Police: the edge of a total of 27 rounds of ammunition.
Reporter: In this clean-up of a total of 27 made, the bullet could have exploded it? Police: those bullets hit once, or was on fire, the explosion would be likely to hurt people.
Commentary: The collection of these up as a result of firearms and ammunition can still be used, so concentrate on the process of destruction is often also from time to time an explosion, very dangerous. Yunnan police carried out a special operation in June this year, the province collected a total of 4108 types of firearms, various types of bullets made more than 4, cracked 181 cases involving firearms, destroyed the gun-6 cells. The result has been the Ministry of Public Security is responsible for inspectors to Yunnan's sure.
Moderator: In addition to the civilian firearms, ammunition and explosives, seized control of the tool is also the focus of the content of the special action.
Over the same period: Reporter: The police seized up so much control of the tool, also has a lot of hidden, for example, I received this in the flick-knife, it's shrinking fast, but to the police, who confiscated the knife up in , The most hidden This is the thing, it looks just an ordinary stick, if it came out, is among a number of films to see, the police say it's a very strong mass destruction.
Commentary: The large number of forests in Yunnan Province, many villagers are equipped with a knife habit of self-defense, a number of ethnic minorities is also equipped with a knife as jewelry, so this special operation, police in Yunnan intensify our work, from June, a total of Tool to control the collection of 12,563. But the reporter with the supervision of the inspection team also found that some of the grassroots tool of the police station up the collection of people not understanding the normal control tool.
Over the same period: Reporter: such as a fruit knife, knife like this, the circumstances under which the land up, the collection was that the party did not raise any objection to it?
Police: they think they are the fruit knife ... in fact the two sides once had a dispute, this will pose a threat to life
(Picture: large melon)
Reporter: Do you own collection when you are confused, which is close or not close it does?
Police: the collection process, the situation again. This is by virtue of a number of provisions related to the second is to use their experience. It is understood that the casting and tool-style development, public security organs of the original control tool for the characterization of the relevant standard is also a lack of further refinement, many grass-roots level in the implementation of the civilian police seized control of the tool but also a comprehensive mandate to bring the number of There occasion, the actual size of the potential hazards, such as a combination of factors, due to the lack of detailed standards for the collection of some of the depositors in doubt when the tool is often the masses would be did not understand. The Ministry of Public Security Authority deputy director of law and order is Bin Yan: This is usually based on the argument that control is a tool with a sharp edge there, in accordance with the provisions of mainly refers to the knife, blade three rounds, flick-knife, sword dance, there are other single-edge, the double-edged Knife, only to the number of military and police personnel, the field of geological exploration of these professionals, can carry the holder. Others can not be held to carry. The second is not to carry knives, in particular tool to control access to public places, if entered into, according to the current "Law on Administrative Penalties for Public Security", on the offender will be punishable by penalties of law and order, but also serious cases, criminal detention. In order to deepen the "knife explosives to pay" special action, the Ministry of Public Security in mid-August to send five of the Steering Group, Shanxi, Shandong, Henan, Guangdong and Yunnan provinces to carry out five specific actions to carry out the work of the steering check . The Ministry of Public Security Authority deputy director of law and order are Yan Bin: Check Steering understanding of the situation, the five provinces in the promotion, collection, training, the battle against the four in this area, there has been some remarkable results. Next, we must further carry out specific operations, some of the long-term management mechanism to strengthen the building. Do our utmost to use of explosives, gun, knife-related criminal activities, at a minimum level of incidence. (Reporter: Zhang Tian Xiao Shen Li)China's poverty line of love club
Chinese volunteers to help the poor by the Commission, the star celebrity, the media committee, brand Committee on Projects (including microcredit Committee, maternal and child safety committees, the new Great Wall, the Emergency Rescue Committee, the integrated projects, the Commission pledged villages, etc.) component .
Poor villages, poor families File
Each of the cold summer by the Chinese Foundation for the National Higher Education pro-poor rural students back home to large-scale survey of social practice activities, in the light of the students of Tsinghua University Li Qiang, "Village 8 in mind" the Great Wall and the new high-quality candidates SHC large-scale investigation experience, well-known experts and scholars from China (Such as Wu Jinglian, Kang Xiaoguang, Wen Tiejun, Hu Angang, Lin Yifu, etc.) to provide guidance, design professionals and villages to the questionnaire survey forms, design professional poor farmers and the questionnaire survey forms, a relatively standardized design of the survey reports, China's poverty alleviation Foundation China Agricultural University, commissioned by the CGIAR will conduct the time of admission and professional finishing, completed China's most authoritative and system files and rural villages in China's extremely poor family files, from poverty to the official website of China SOHU network of dynamic management.
China's poverty line management committee
China's poverty alleviation by the honorary president of the Foundation Cheng Siwei, Jiang Zhenghua, Huang Meng Fu, Yang Rudai, Wang Yuzhao, more than 40 central ministries and the State Council, which related to leadership, the country over more than 25 provinces (municipalities) party leadership of the Propaganda Department, over 25 more Provinces (municipalities) to do helping the poor leadership of the country over more than 20 trade associations (organizations) leadership, China's poverty alleviation Foundation president Duan Yingbi, deputy chairman of Ho Road-feng and Chen Kaizhi, and other components.
The same world, the rich warmth of the same family
China's poverty line
China's rapid economic development has attracted worldwide attention, China has become the world topic. China's economic growth in the income gap problem also exists, the income gap too great cause social and psychological conflicts, misunderstandings and discord. Faced with a big income gap brought about by social problems, the Government through a variety of ways and effective measures to reasonably control the income gap and promoting steady economic growth.
Faced with a big income gap brought about by social problems, civil NGO organizations should "hasten the birth of civil society and promote social harmony" for the mission and make its own efforts.
October 17, 2005, China's poverty alleviation Foundation initiated and organized by "China's poverty line of large public welfare activities," the kick-off ceremony was held in the Great Hall of the People. Chinese Vice Premier Hui Liangyu attended the ceremony and to "help the poor in China," started opening large-scale public welfare activities. As a "pro-poor China," the first large-scale public events co-sponsored units, the Minsheng Bank of China to China's poverty alleviation Foundation donated 31 million yuan, the establishment of "helping the poor people's livelihood Education Fund." CPC Central Committee Propaganda Department, the Central Wenming Ban, the Ministry of Civil Affairs, Office of the State Council anti-poverty, more than 30 Chinese People's Liberation Army General Political Department, and other relevant central ministries and commissions to attend the activities and said it would vigorously support activities.
China's poverty line activities would love to recruit 1,000 volunteers and 100 businesses and affluent society of love into the crowd Baixian County, Chimura, 10000 (100 national or provincial poverty alleviation and development of key counties), (1,000 poor villages), (10,000 poor families), the real experience of poverty at the same time, to poor families living conditions survey, a related investigation reports. At the same time mobilize the news media, the status quo in poor areas and poor families living conditions for propaganda, especially for people in poor areas of anti-poverty high fighting spirit, determination and resilience and fighting spirit of propaganda, the whole of society and set off a concern of poverty, the elimination Poverty, creating an upsurge of harmony.
China's poverty line, is a civil society to promote the development of attempts; China's poverty line activities aimed at mobilizing all sectors of the community in particular social groups out of cities getting rich first, go out of their life circle, the fence out of the city, into rural poverty, with an understanding of another under the blue sky and the living conditions of vulnerable groups, experience Social income gap brought about by too much psychological conflict and a harmonious and stable demand;
China's poverty line activities aimed at enlightening the people getting rich first kind-hearted, caring and sense of social responsibility;
China's poverty line, will actively push forward to help others help themselves, the voluntary self-help rescue people, through the "help identify villages", "help identify the family," and "help identify the population" to achieve with the help of vulnerable populations;
China's poverty line, will also promote social accountability, and promote an open, fair, impartial and efficient. China's poverty line main activities are: the establishment of "100 counties, 1,000 villages and 10,000 files of poverty," Optimization of the establishment of China's poverty line volunteers, organized poverty Looking for the activities, organization of China Prize Looking for the eradication of poverty, the report on China's poor display of survival , Charitable organizations to help the poor Chinese Night, organizations and the crowd after getting rich first-crowd interaction and mutual assistance activities, organization of charitable contributions crowd getting rich first "love the club."
"The same world, the same warmth of the rich", China's poverty line is the theme, will also help the poor with large Chinese firms in-depth development of public welfare activities, a community of shared vision.
China's poverty line, by the State Council attach great importance to the CPC Central Committee, Vice Premier Hui Liangyu attended the opening and grand; are all central ministries, provincial (city) party Propaganda Department, the provinces (municipalities) do attach great importance to poverty alleviation; be like China Minsheng Bank's outstanding enterprises such a strong response.
This is just the beginning of a great cause, helping the poor in China will need all levels of government, both at home and abroad, well-known Chinese and foreign enterprises, institutions of higher learning, news units, celebrity star, caring volunteers, the community love the support and participation. China's poverty line, looking forward to seeing you!
Unity to overcome the disaster and rebuild their homeland of love
2008-6-19(Thursday) 14:30, China's poverty alleviation Foundation held a " 'surmount earthquake relief' Wenchuan earthquake emergency rescue operations a second news conference," the whole society issued China's poverty alleviation Foundation Earthquake relief at this stage the progress of work. Foundation vice chairman of China's poverty alleviation-Ho Road, the Secretary-General Wang of the trip, the Deputy Secretary-General Liu Wenkui, deputy secretary general of the Qinghai Yang, Li Li, Liu Dong-wen, a famous actor Yi Nengjing, Sina, the U.S. Mercy Corps International, Yum Consulting (Shanghai ) Ltd., Nokia (China) Investment Co., accounting firm KPMG Huazhen, gift items, such as cooperation in the Asian media, corporate donations and love units, nearly 50 reporters and other news media nearly 100 people to attend the press conference . China's poverty alleviation Foundation Deputy Secretary-General Liu Wenkui presided over the meeting.
At the meeting, China's poverty alleviation Foundation Secretary-General Wang trip from the funding situation and the use of funds, distribution of emergency relief supplies, reconstruction of disaster areas the transition period, working methods, and future plans, and other aspects of presentation.
As at 17:00 on June 16, I will have to accept donations of all sectors of the community Total 291598900 yuan (actually receiving less and pledges of total accounts receivable), which funds donated 182.0121 million yuan, has 163976500 yuan; The value of donated goods 109.5868 million yuan, materials 102.5208 million yuan. 20.1188 million yuan had been spent, the fund balances 143.8577 million yuan.
In view of the Government in the background and related policies and regulations for the timely understanding and grasp of local communities and the needs of the victims, I will be the reconstruction of disaster areas normal work of management, launch reconstruction needs research, the disaster - Overall planning of construction projects.
At the meeting, caring corporate donations Yum cause of the Group of China government relations on behalf of Beijing Zhang Jianzhong, melting Sheng Heavy Industries, Zhang Wei, vice president, strategic media Sina News editor-in-chief Jian-Feng Zhang, the Chinese ambassador to help the poor image of the Maternal and Child Foundation, a famous actor, respectively Yi Nengjing Involved in earthquake relief on the situation.
China's poverty alleviation Foundation initiated the investigation and reconstruction planning
In order to fully do a good job in post-disaster reconstruction work to improve the use of reconstruction funds efficiently, effectively solve the practical difficulties of the masses in disaster areas, China's poverty alleviation Foundation in June 2008 WRC-03, invited a group of experts on the five - Disaster County (Sichuan Maoxian, North River, Mianzhu, County of Gansu, Shaanxi Ningqiang County) conducted a comprehensive investigation and reconstruction planning. Research carried out mainly at home and abroad including the reconstruction of the experiences and lessons learned, related domestic laws, regulations and policies, national governments at all levels and other non-governmental organizations in the reconstruction strategy and concrete measures for the reconstruction of disaster areas Needs assessment and analysis, and foundations to participate in China's poverty alleviation reconstruction of specific proposals and projects planning. The survey will take part in China's poverty alleviation Foundation Wenchuan earthquake reconstruction work of a clear strategic direction, focus and develop the next five years post-disaster reconstruction planning.
