Britain's poor system design experience

From a historical point of view, the United Kingdom on behalf of the European countries in modern times before and after the beginning of the implementation of the system for the poor, promoting social solution to the problem of poverty has played an important role. In addition, Britain and other Western European countries, "the history of the poor" is also strong evidence of a basic principle: the survival of resolving the problem of poverty, the government-led relief community has its own unique advantages - that the limited funds in a targeted manner with To the more immediate needs of the people involved.

We study in the United Kingdom poverty relief system will be the history of the development is not hard to see from the British Poor Law of the traditional social system, its modern social security system within the national relief system in the arrangement of the system with distinct historical inheritance. Moreover, whether the Poor Law of the traditional social system, or modern society, a national relief system, from design ideas, technical arrangements and other characteristics of the system to the point of view, have a lot in common. These "common", is more a reflection of Western countries on the poor grasp of the law practice and, therefore, its successful experience in the practice of the poor. To sum up, which we can focus on the reference to the experience of the principal in the following areas:

1. Relief to poor countries bear the primary responsibility. Britain's poor track the evolution of the system reflects the Government's responsibility to strengthen the poor. It is based on the Government's commitment to the community of the poor to provide relief to the basic functions and responsibilities of modern society, most of the poverty relief system was set up under the government-led, mainly through government legislation or to identify the poor relief system, the input tax revenue and so on Public resources, redistribution of national income, to set up a special body to be responsible for the implementation and management of the legal system in the track on the entire operation of the system or the system. Moreover, the practical level, the United Kingdom also pay more attention to the central and local governments at all levels of segregation of duties, as well as monitoring and coordinating mechanism to build.

2. Differential treatment, classified management. Britain in the history of the various poverty relief system have emphasized the social differential treatment for the poor. If the old Poor Law will have the ability to work and not work separately, the National Relief Law to the National Relief standard set of different types and standards. This principle is not only solve the problem of poverty relief of the objective requirements of social assistance also reflects the balance between "fairness and efficiency" of the features of the law.

3. The content of the comprehensive relief. Whether Britain is in the history of the Poor Law, or its post-war relief to the implementation of the national law, emphasized a comprehensive relief. Poor Law as provided for in both the content of relief to the poor, the disabled, the sick and elderly people to donate supplies to aid in life, but also local governments have the ability to work for the poor to facilitate the provision of employment, but also on the theory For the young children of beggars so that it intended to have a job to earn a living skills training, which came into effect in 1948 of the National Relief Act, the poor are provided housing or rent subsidies, family income and other related services. Can be seen, the British relief of poverty is a comprehensive relief, including its financing of living, employment support, housing or rent assistance and other related support services.

4. To raise the necessary funds, in order to highlight the main government-funded approach. If the Poor Law stipulates that the state of poor funding, primarily by the poor to raise taxes, and national laws provide relief to the implementation of national relief spending to be approved by parliament by the financial burden of funding. This way of financing the poor not only embodies the government's responsibility to implement, and effective protection of the poverty relief funds.

5. In the relief operation and the target, to emphasize the special nature of the object, that is, only those who rely on their own can not solve the basic livelihood of (the direct cause of the income is too low) of the poor. At the same time, operating procedures, emphasized recipient of (or applicants) have to be approved by the Government to confirm or review procedures. British nationals to carry out relief on eligible applicants on the basis of the criteria for the review of the official poverty line. This confirmed the qualifications of the technical program, in fact, in order to ensure the allocation of limited resources to the much-needed relief to specific groups (not solve the basic livelihood of the poor) people. We can see that the specific targets of poverty relief and the special nature of the procedure is closely linked to two fundamental questions.

As noted above, the United Kingdom in the history of a lot of the poor to the core content of the laws or relief system, the basic idea of the main principles and framework of the system in areas such as system has its built-in "general" of these systems. "Common", not only from one side of the relief of poverty reflects the inherent requirement and the objective laws of our country are living in absolute poverty relief legislation with the very theory and practice reference value.